Redemption: the Analysis of Sisterhood in Tonie Morisons Works开题报告

 2023-02-24 11:02

1. 研究目的与意义

The sisterhood, in the black feministliterature, has great influence in helping women in different ways. Inaddition, there is some little distinction between lesbianism and sisterhood,especially in black female literature. And Toni Morrison’s books are reflectedthe sisterhood''s redemption of black women, which encourages them to assist eachother in real life. Nowadays, racial and gender discrimination is amuch-talked-about topic which people pay much attention to it.

Of course, it will bedevoted to give some support and useful material for subsequent researches.Racial and gender discrimination still exists, however, only with our effortscan these problems be alleviated.

2. 研究内容和预期目标

This research in an attempt to give different aspects between lesbianism and sisterhood through analyzing and contrasting previous views. Although there is a long way to go to eliminate discrimination, from this research, we can learn about the effects and importance of sisterhood, at the same time, people can make use of it to reduce and tackle the discrimination. Of course, it will conclude the female characters in Toni Morison’s works. Why does Toni Morrison always mention the sisterhood in her writing? How do those black women help each other under sisterhood relationship? All these questions are to be answered in this paper.

1.Introduction

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3. 国内外研究现状

Sisterhood is a kind of “sisterpolitics”which based on the gender identity by feminist in the 1960s to 70s，andit is regarded as a kind of power. It is understood as a relationship of women’scaring, supporting each other in the condition of being oppressed, and itsscopes does not be restricted to the kinship groups. It is based on the commonactivities of women in religion, education, resistance movement, parturitionand procreation, and strengthens the attachment, loyalty, unity and commonalityamong women by sharing a 'fictive kin' among women of differentfamilies, so as to create a sense of belonging of women as a group. Thedefinition contains two meanings. One refers to form of the specialrelationship between father and daughter because of women’s unique identity,this feeling of mutual care, support each other is the opposite of ethics andvalues of the male world which is full of competition. Another relates tolaunch the feminist movement with intense political character by unitingoppressed women. This is particularly evident in the works of black womenwriters(Kou Yan, 2013 ).

The Research on the Black FeministLiterary Criticism of bell hooks, points out that the capitalist patriarchy,race and gender discrimination caused the embarrassment of black women''srealistic situation and oppressed them from different aspects, hindering thealliance among women(Zhao Siqi, 2010). Therefore, the praise and exploration ofsisterhood in black literature shows the mutual care and love among blackwomen. It not only provides a picture of female relationship for femalecollaboration, but also refers to the close relationship among female writers,between female writers and readers, and this relationship is very necessary forthe development of female literature and female self-identification. Throughthe analysis of specific works, Zhao concludes the pursuit of sisterhood byblack women writers, including the influence and help of Nettie, Sophia andShug on Celie in The Color Purple, the mutual support of Jenny and Phoebe inTheir Eyes were Watching God and the sisterhood of Nell and Sula in ToniMorrison''s Sula, and in Paradise, five women of different colors help andcomfort each other in a convent(Morrison, 1973). At the same time, sheconsiders that sisterhood needs to be constructed from many aspects. The firstis transcendence, that is, crossing the boundaries of race, gender and class.Followed by 'support', it means the women''s internal support eachother, the last is 'critical consciousness', that is to say, womendon''t need to completely eliminate the differences to unite. Common interestsand beliefs, the correct evaluation of differences and their struggle to endthe sexual oppression will eventually make them together, and move towards theideal of the sisterhood.

In Loves Salvation: Sisterhood in ToniMorrison’s Five Novels, Lin Wenjing describes in detail the sisterhood of African-Americanwriter''s Toni Morrison’s works, distinguishes the difference between sisterhoodwith lesbianism, and she points out that, in Morrison’s works, the mode ofsisterhood roughly divided into voicing, healing, and the construction ofwomen''s history(Lin Wenjing, 2007). She believes that the sisterhood andlesbianism are, in part, similar, but both of them have several fundamentaldifferences. First of all, the definition of sisterhood is much broader. It canoccur between blood sisters, relatives and sisters of all ages, not just meansthe relationship between two women, while lesbianism usually happens betweentwo women. Secondly, sisterly love is primarily spiritual, but lesbianism,political or not, is overwhelmingly about sex. She points out that the sisterlylove in Morrison''s works consists of self-love, love for another woman and lovein the community, which is not only hope but also salvation. For example,although the sisterly friendship in The Bluest Eye cannot avoid Pecola''stragedy, Claudia can tell it and let the public know about it. Jazz, on theother hand, is about women learning self-love and healing from previousoppression. As for the construction process of sisterhood, she thinks there arethree stages: construction, deconstruction and reconstruction(Toni Morrison,1995). It means two girls meet and take each other as best friends, and thentheir meant-to-be lifelong friendship is destroyed by patriarchal power as theyare growing up; after what these two women have endured, they renew theirfriendship. That is to say, although sisterhood experiences conflict and thenreconciliation, true friendship between or among women exists and will last.

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4. 计划与进度安排

This paper mainly aims to talk about sisterhood''s redemption of black women by resreaching black female literature, especially Tonie Morison''s works.

1-2 weeks: determine the research direction

3-6 weeks: collect relative materials

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5. 参考文献

Charnetta Gadling-Cole. African American Women in Academia: Intersectionality of Raceand Gender. Nova Science Publishers, Inc, 2020.

Morrison, Toni. Sula. Vintage Books, 1973.

Morrison, Toni. The Bluest Eye[M]. London:Macmillan Press Ltd. 1995.

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